Lesson 4

Systematic Approach to Teaching

Ø  A plan that emphasizes the parts may pay the cost of failing to consider the whole, and a plan that emphasizes the whole must pay the cost of failing to get down to the real depth with respect to the parts. (C. West Churchman)

a.    Define Objectives- Instruction begins with the definition of instructional objectives that consider the learner’s needs, interests and readiness.

b.    Choose Appropriate Methods- On the basis of these objectives the teacher must selects the appropriate teaching method to be used.

c.    Choose Appropriate Experience- Appropriate experience that your student will relate and learn.

d.    Select Materials, Equipments and Facilities- In selecting materials, equipments and facilities, choose appropriate for your experience or for your method will you used.

e.    Assign Personnel Role- The use of learning materials, equipment and facilities necessities assigning the appropriate personnel to assist the teacher and defining the role of any personnel involved in the preparation, setting and returning of these learning resources.

f.     Implement the Instruction- With the instructional objective in the mind, the teacher implements planned instruction with the use of the selected teaching method, learning activities and learning materials with the help of other personnel whose role has been defined by the teacher. Examples of Learning Activities: Interviewing, reporting, doing presentation, discussing, thinking, reflecting, dramatizing, visualizing, creating judging and evaluating. Examples of Learning Resources for Instructional use: Textbooks, workbooks, programmed materials, computer, television programs, video clips, flat pictures, slides and transparencies, maps, charts, cartoons, posters, models, mock-ups, flannel board materials, chalkboard, real objects.

g.    Evaluate Outcomes- After instruction, teacher evaluates the outcome of instruction. From the evaluation results, teacher comes to know if the instructional objective was attained.

h.    Refine the Process- If the instructional was attained, teacher proceeds to the next lesson going through the same cycle once more. But if the instructional objective was not attained, then the teacher diagnoses what was nit learned and finds out why it was not learned in order to introduce a remedial measure for improved student performance and attainment of instructional objective.

-       The phrases or elements are connected to one another. If one element or one phrase of the instructional fails, the outcome which is learning is adversely affected. The attainment of the learning objective is dependent on the synergy of all elements and all actors involved in the process.